Toggle-gear.



H. l. BARKER.

10cm GEAR.

I APPLICATION 'HLED JAN. 10. 1916- I 1,237,1 50. Patented Aug. 14,1917,

' 4 suzzfs-susq x.

H. J. BARKER. 1 TOGGLE GEAR. APPLICATION FJLED JAN. 10. 1916.

Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

4 .SHEETSSHE ET 2.

Patented Aug. 14; 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

H. 1. BARKER. TOGGLE GEAR. APPLICATION FILED JAN.I0.1916.

1.: flyaf Ear 5 VIE - LLC'] IEEEEE H. J. BARKER.

TOGGLE GEAR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. I0. 19 l6.

1,237,150, PatentedA 14,1917.

4 SHEE HEET 4.

. HARRY J. BARKER, or OAK PARK, ILLINOIS. Q

TOGGLE-GEAR;

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I,-HARRY' J. BARKER, a citizen of the United States,andta resident of the village of Oak Park, in (the county of Cook andState offlllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inToggleGears; jandI do hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, andto the numerals of reference marked.thereon,which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an improved toggle gear for use on variousmechanisms, particularly presses and jacks,'where a great multiplyingpower is desired without necessitating a multiplicity'of partsZII'ICL'POSW sibility of considerable lost motion.

. It is an object thereforeof this-invention to construct a toggle gear,for imparting movement to a ram or other device, wherein the relationand construction of thevarious links of the gear is such that asubstantially uniform movement, as well as a uniform force,is-transmittedtothe ram or other device for a certain movement. of theprime moving or actuating means. v

It is also an object v.of this invention to provide an improved togglegearfor use on jacks,. .presses, and other similar devices wherein asubstantially uniform application of power is obtained, and furthermorewith an eccentric bearing provlded for one of the membe'rs,by adjustmentto vary the power co-efficient of the gear as desired,accord1ng toconditions of operation.

It is also an object of this invention to construct a power multiplyinggearwherein, due to the design of the links of the g ar,

the power and'movement received therefrom is constant. for a glven adustment of the main actuating element, WhlCll'lS Itself :ec'rfcentrically journaled for adjustment ;to permit a change in the powerco-efficient of the entire gear. 1

It is also an obj I constrnct an improved type ofmultiplying gearcomprising members ,tog'gled to one another and with one of the:elements ad-- justable to change the power coefficient of the gear,together with an improvedtype of this invention to construct an.improved type set vof this invention to Specificationof Letters Patent.1 Aug, 14, 191 *1 Application filed January 10, 1 9.16; SerialgNo. 71189. I i i of power multiplying parts ad ustable to vary the power;co-ifi- 7 cient thereof, and provided with an improved pawl and ratchetmeans particn larly adapted for use on forcepresses, jacks 'andthe like.

I It is finally an object of invention to construct an improved type. ofmechanism for constant power application. having ,a

substantially uniform movement, with the elements adjustable to changethe power coefficient according to conditionsrequired.

The invention (in a preferred form). is illustratedin the drawings andhereinafter more fully described. 1

In the, drawings: Figurel is a front elevation of a mandrelpressillustrating a mechanism embodying the principles of my inventionadapted thereto. I

Fig. 2 is a detail section taken on line parts omitted of themultiplying gear shown at one, limit of movement.

at the upper end of Fig. l, with the parts Fig. 7 is a similar view withthe parts at the other limitof. movement.

Fig. 8 is a detail section with parts inlele vation taken online18-S ofFig. 7

Fig. ;9 isa detail, ection taken Onyline -9 of Fig. 7, with partsomitted. .{Fig.;.l0 isna detailsection taken on line l0.l0;,of Fig. 7,with parts omitted." 1.

Fig. 11' is a fragmentary bottom plan it view with parts section, of themech-anisms-shown In F g. 1 I 1 Fig. 12-is a side elevation of ajackequipped with a multiplyinggear embody ing the principles of mylnventlon. Fig. 13 is-a. similar view thereof, showing the parts in.another position of adjustment. i

Fig. 14 is a' fragmentary detailuview illustrating the arrangement ofthe p awls.

Fig. 1 5is a detail. si'deelevationof the pawl mechanism, illustrating,the operation in dotted lines.. I

Fig.z16 a detail section. taken on line 16"1 6 "of Fig.. 12,;With parts,omitted.

Fig. 17 is a top plan view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 15. Fig. 18 isa detail sectional view of the brake mechanism for the handwheel 0f thepress.

As shown in the drawings:

As shown in Fig. 1, a mandrel press is provided consisting of sideguides or uprights 1, mounted upon a base 2, and at their upper endsjoined by a heavy cross member 3. Said uprights 1, as clearly shown inFig. l, are provided with a series of teeth 4, and slidably mountedbetween said uprights is a table or bed 5, provided at each of its endswith a pawl 6, on a pintle 7, adapted to. swing into engagement withsaid teeth 4, to hold said table or bed at any desired adjusted positionor height. A lug 8, is formed on each of said pawls 6, anddisposed-within the side walls of said table 5, are strong leaf springs9, adapted when bearing on one wall of said lugs 8, to thrust said pawls6, inwardly into engagement with the teeth 4, as shown in Fig. 3, butpermitting said pawls to be retracted so that said springs 9, engage onthe under surface of said lugs 8, to maintain the pawls retracted, asduring a lowering operation of said table or bed 5. A handle 10, isprovided on each of said pawls 6, for actuation thereof from looking torelease position.

Bolted beneath said cross-piece 3, is a heavy cored out frame or casting11, and slidable vertically therethrough is a ram 12, provided with aseries of teeth 13, on the vertical face thereof. For the purpose ofactuating said ram 12, to move the same upwardly and downwardly throughsaid frame casting 11 a pinion 14, isprovided rigidly secured upon ashaft 15, which is j ournaled transversely on said frame casting 11, andmeshes with the teeth 13, of said ram,and on one end of the shaft 15, aratchet wheel 16, is secured and on the other end, a hand wheel 15*.

Secured into a boss 17 formed on one of the side walls of the framecasting 11, is a pintle bolt 18, on which is swingingly mounted ayoke-shaped crank plate 19. Pivotally mounted and normally dependingfrom said crank plate 19, is a pawl 20, adapted to engage the teeth ofthe ratchet wheel 16, as shown in Fig. 6, and provided on and near theupper end of said pawl 20, is a lug 21,'which, when said crank plate 19,is swung to one side, strikes a pin 22, fixed in the side wall of theframe 11, and thus causes retraction of the pawl into posi tion out ofuse, such as shown in Fig. 7. Formed on one end of the frame 11, is arelatively large horizontal bearing boss 23, in whichisadjustablyjournaled an eccentric bushing 24, having a toothed flange25', at one end thereof, and slidably mounted on the upper side of saidbearing boss 23,

is a slotted latch 26, adapted to be projected into engagement with thetoothed flange of said eccentric bushing to lock the same from movement.Journ'aled within said eccentric bushing 24, is a shaft 27, havingrigidly secured on one of its ends a handle socket 28, 111Wll10l1 ahandle 29, is mounted, and at its other end provided with a short crank30. Said crank 30, is 'toggled to the crank plate 19, by a short linkortoggle bar 31, which is pivoted at its ends respectively to saidcrank30, and to said crank plate 19. The distance between centers of theshaft 27, or crank 30,'and the link 31, is such uniform movement of theprime actuating means or lever and power ram. The calcu lations relatingto the design of the parts to secure the above result may also take intoaccount the angularity of the pawl 20, with respect to the ratchet wheel16, which, however, for practical purposes, is inconsiderable.

Pivoted adjacent the ratchet wheel 16, near the lower end of the frame11, is a pawl 32, having connected thereto and to a fixed point on saidframe, a tension spring 33, adapted when said pawl is swung beyondcenter in one position, as shown in Fig. 6, to maintain the sameretracted from the ratchet wheel 16, and when moved beyond center inthe'other direction, as shown in Fig. 7, to impel the same intoengagement. with said ratchet wheel. VVihen said pawl 32, is used inengagement withthe ratchet wheel, it serves to lock the same from reverse movement, thereby affording a means of retaining the pressure onthe ram for any length of time and for any purpose desired. Formedintegral with the hub portion of said handle member 28, is an extension34, in which is inserted a bar 35, having adjustably mounted thereon acounterweight 36, which acts to balance the handle 29, serving normallyto move said handle 29, into upright or normal position, as

shown in Fig. 7.

in the modification illustrated in Figs. 12 to 17 inclusive, I haveshown a jack equipped with a power mechanism embodying the principles ofmy invention and further provided with an improved pawl ar rangement.The frame of the jack is denoted as a whole by the reference numeral 37,and is cored out on its interior to receive a vertically movable lift orram 38. 'A shaft 39, is 'journaled in said base or frame 37', at oneside thereof, and hassecured on the outer end thereof a ratchet wheel40, andis also providedwith apinion, (not shown) adapted to engage teeth(not shown) formed on the lift 38, to raise and lower the same, theconstruction being identical with that for the ram 12 ,shown in Fig. 10,and hence not illustrated. Pivoted at one side" of the frame or base 37,is a crank plate 41, and pivoted to said crank plate is a pawl 42,adapted to engage the ratchet wheel 40. 1. As in the constructionpreviously described, a shaft 43, is journaled in aneccentric bush.- ingwhich is adjustable in a bearingboss 44, formed on the side of thebase37, and at one end of said shaft 43, a crank 45, is secured, whichis connected by means of a toggle bar or link 46, with said crank plate41. 1A handle socket member 47, is rigidly secured on the otheriend ofsaid shaft 43, and is provided with an actuating handle 48.

Pivotally mounted upon a stud 49, secured on the side of the base 37, ofthe jack, is a pawl 50, adapted to engage and lock the ratchet wheel 40,to retain the thrust on the lift 38, similar to the action of thedescribed pawl 32, and ram 12, and slotted so as not to interfere withthe pawl 42. Also "pivoted upon said stud 49, is a handle 51, which hasconnected thereon one end of a tension spring 52, the other end of saidspring being connected to one of the two extensions 53,

formed on the uppersurf'ace of the pawl 50,

said extensions co-acting. with a rounded cam surface formed on. thelower portion of the cam plate 41, in a manner. hereinafter pointed out.As clearly shown inithe detail view in Fig. 14, said handle 51,, isprovided with an abutment adapted to be contacted by a lug 54, formed onthe inner end of the pawl 42, for a purpose. hereinafter de scribed. 1 iThe operation is as follows:- 9

'In the form of device illustrated in detail in Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive,the rain 12, receives its-movement from the pinion 14, which is rotatedon its f shaft 15, by the ratchet wheel 16. Movement is imparted to theratchet wheel 16, by the pawl 20, which is swinging-1y mounted upon thecrank plate 19. It is apparent by reference to Fig. 6,-

center of said pawl approaches dead center or line of alinement betweenthe pivot 18, of the crank plate and the point of thrust of the end ofthe pawl withthe ratchet wheel 16, but on the other hand theleverageratio between the lever 29, and the link, 31,.de-

creases correspondingly, so that auniform application of power aswell'as a corresponding uniform movement of the lever 29, andram. 12, isthe result. 1

. The actual amountofthe thrust imparted to the'ratchet wheel 16, isdependent upon the-fieldiof operation of the crank plate 19, v

and pawl 20, the thrust being greater when said 'crankxplate and pawloperate in .the neighborhood of the dead center position of said pawland less when said crank plate and pawloperate inya' field remotetherefrom. .Theamplitude of movement, however, imparted to the ratchetwheel.16,when said crank plate and pawl operate inthe neighborhood ofthe dead center position of ofmovement between the limits of movementthereof, andthis'is accomplished by the eccentric. bushing 24, 'in'whichthe shaft 27, is .journaled, carrying the. crank 30,011 which.the-connectinglink 31, which is connected to-the crankplate 19, is.secured.- The angular swing of the actuating Y handle 29, is practicallyalways the. same, that is, substantially.ninety-degrees from one limitofmoven'ient to another, but the field of operation of saidjcrank plate20, may be changed by .a'clJ'ustment of said bushing .24. A-Lthoughthefield of; operation of said crank plate 19, and pawl 20, ischanged, the actual movementofthe crank plate is always. con-.1

stant, due to the fact that jthemovement ofthrust imparted to theratchet wheel. 16, but by increasing the. thrust the eXtent of move-,

ment transmitted tolthe ratchet wheel is re ed to theratchet wheel 16,increases the eX tent oflmovement imparted thereto.

The pawl 32,1nay be thrown into operatloo ingposition such-as, shown inFig. 7, to lock the ratchet. wheel from reverse movement during avretractmgmovement .of the.= pawl 20, such as shown in. Fig. 7;, or .maybev thrown'out of operation completely,as illus trated in Fig. 6, if itis desired to adjust the. ram '12, by rotating the handwheel onjsaidshaft. 15'. The pawl 20, is automatically: thrown out of engagementwiththe ratchet wheel .16, to permitxfree movement thereof ineitherdirection by'the hand wheel when the actuating handle 29, is inthe upright position shown in Fig. 7,;dueto the fact that the lug 21, onsa'id pawl strikes against the pin 22, fixedonthe frame ,member ll, ofthe mechanism.s lg I The mechanism described-in. the foregoing maybeutilized by; use iof' the handwheel;

15 to lower or raise the table bed 5, of the mandrel press illustratedin Figs. 1 to 5 inelusive, and for this purpose the ram 12, of themechanism is retracted as shown in Fig. 1, and a chain 55, or othersuitable means, is connected thereto and to thebed 5, and after throwingthe pawls 6, into retracted position, the bed 5, is slowly lowered byallowing slow rotation of the hand wheel, usin a brake hereinafterdescribed, if desired. '1 he pawls 6, are then thrown into engagedposition with the teeth 4, of the uprights 1, to support said table, andif it is desired to lower the same an additional amount an additionallength of chain is connected in and the operation repeated. Of course,in raising the bed 5, it is only necessary to rotate the hand wheel 15of the ram mechanism to successively raise the ram and the table 5,therewith, the pawls 6, acting automatically to interlock with the teeth4, of the uprights to retain the bed in position after each upwardmovement thereof, but of course the chain 55, must be shortenedsuccessively with each upward adjustment of said table. I

In the form of device illustrated in Figs. 12 to .17 inclusive, I haveshown a ack adapted for any purpose wherein the mechanism embodying theprinciples of my invention is employed for movement of the lift or ram38, of the ack. In-this construction, as in the. previous one described,the ram 38, receives its movement by a rack and pinion construction, thepinion being driven by the k ratchet wheel 40. The ratchet wheel 40, re-

ceives its movement from the pawl 42, which is pivoted upon the crankplate 41, which in turn is linked by means of the toggle bar 46, to thecrank 45, on the main actuating shaft 43. In this construction, as inthe previous one described, the toggle effect is gained between thecrank plate41 and pawl 42, whereby the thrust imparted to the ratchetwheel 40, issubstantially uniform.

t The extent ofmovement of said crank plate 41 and pawl 42, to securegreater or less' amounts of thrust with an inverse extent of movement,is obtained by adjustment of the eccentric bushing in which the shaft43, is

V journaled, the eccentric bushing not being shown in the presentconstruction, but being identical with the construction illustrated inFig. 9.

An improved arrangement of pawls is provided in the present constructionto facilitate elevation as well as lowering of the lift 38, of the jack.For this purpose the pawl 50, is provided, connected by a tension spring52, to the handle 51, so that when the handle 51, is thrown into theupper position illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13, the spring acts normallyto withdraw the pawl 50, out of engagement with theratchet wheel 40.VVhenused in this position of the handle 51, the jack is adaptedforlowering heavy bodies upon the lift 38. Consequently the handle is swungdownwardly into the po sition illustrated in Fig. "13, whereby the pawl42, is in engagement with the ratchet wheel 40, and as the handleisallowed to move slowly upwardly with, a consequent lowering of the lift38, as said handle member 47, approaches its limiting. position, such asshown in Flg. 12, the rounded cam surface on the crank plate 41, strikesover the I ratchet wheel 40, and as the pawl 42,,finally seats intoengagement with said ratchet wheel the cam portion-of the crank plate41, having moved upwardly a sufficient amount, the pawl 50, is drawn outof engagement with the ratchet wheel by its spring A brake for the handwheel 15*, is shown in detail in Fig. 18, and consists of a bracket 56,secured on the frame member 3, projecting down close to the periphery ofthe hand wheel and pivoted to an extension 57, on the upper end. ofsaid. bracket is a clamping arm 58, adapted to be clamped against thepe' riphery of the hand wheel. For this purpose a threaded bolt 59, issecured in the bracket 56, extending loosely through an aperture or slotin the arm 58, and is provided with a wing nut 60, which, when threadedinwardly on said bolt, forces the arm 58, into frictional contact withthe wheel 15*, and if there is a slight play in the wheel 15, it will ofcourse be forced frictionally against the bracket 56.

In utilizing the jack to elevate a body, the handle 51, of the pawl 50,is swung downwardly into the position shown in Fig. 15, whereby thetension of the spring 52, acts normally to retain said pawl 50, normallyengaged with the ratchet wheel to prevent reverse movement thereof. Thehandle member 47, is then actuated successively to cause rotation of theratchet wheel 40, by thepawl 42, in a usual and well known manner. Thethrust leverage imparted to the pawl 42, varies inversely with theextent of movement thereof, and this may be changed by shifting theeccentric bushing in which the shaft 43, is journaled in the manneralready described.

It is apparent that the power factor or power co-efficient of themechanism may be changed by adjustment of the eccentric I30 bushing 24,due to the fact that by such adjustment the field of operation of thecrank plate and'p'awl pivoted thereon tends to bring the same toward oraway from the creased.

I am aware that various detailsof construction may be varied through awlde range without departing from the principles.

of this invention, and I therefore do I10l'.- purpose limiting thepatent granted otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a device of the class described, the combination with a ratchetwheel and pawl for actuating the same, of a plate on which said pawl ispivoted, said plate pivotally mounted to afford a toggle action betweensaid plate and pawl to drive the ratchet wheel, and means connected tosaid plate to swing the same and adjustable to change the field ofoperation thereof to change the power factor of operation of said plateand pawl on said ratchet wheel.

2. In a device of the class described, a ram, a rack and pinionmechanism for mov ing said ram, a pawl and ratchet gear for driving saidrack and pinion mechanism, a crank plate to which said pawl istoggleconnected, a link-to which said crank plate is toggle-connected, acrank to which said link is toggle-connected, and means for impartingmovement to said crank to cause actuation of said pawl through therespec tive toggle-connected crank and link; link and crank plate; andcrank plate and pawl, to operate said ratchet gear.

3. In a device of the class described, a ram, a gear rack formedthereon, a pinion meshing with said rack'to operate said ram,

a ratchet wheel for operating said pinion, a

pawl for operating said ratchet wheel, a pivoted crank plate on whichsaidpawl is mounted at one point thereon whereby a toggle effect isobtained between said crank plate and pawl to actuate the ratchet wheel,and toggle operated means pivoted at another point on said crankplatefor swinging said crank plate to impart a thrust to said ratchet wheelthrough said pawl.

- 4. In a device of the class described. a

ram, means for operating the same, a toggle gear for operating saidmeans, an actuating mechanism lim1ted to a certain field of movement,and means connecting said mechthereof.

anism'with said toggle gear and adjustable to change the field ofoperation of' said togglegearto vary the power co-eficient 5. In adevice of the'class described, the combination with a, ratchet wheel,ofa' toggle mechanism for imparting thrust to said ratchet wheel to movethe same, and means. connected to operate said toggle gear. and

adjustable to change the field of operation of said toggle gear to varythe power coeflicient of thrust on'said ratchet wheel.

6. In a device of the-"class described, a

power element,a toggle gear for ope'rati-ng thesame means for actuatinsaid tog le gear limited to acertain field of movement, and adjustablemechanism for transmitting movement fromsa'id means to said togglegearadapted to change the field of operation offsaid toggle gear tovarythe power co-eifi'cient thereof for operation on said power element; I

7. In a power mechanism of the class de' scribed, a crank plate, toggleoperated actuating means therefor at one point thereon, a pawl pivotedat anotherpoint thereon, and a ratchet wheel. to be driven by said pawlso, disposed with respect to said'crank plate and pawl as to receive athrust there from due to atoggle action between said crank plateandpa-wl.

8. In a multiplying gear of the class described, a pivoted crank plate,a pawl pivoted at one point thereon, a ratchet wheel dis posedforjactuation bythe pawl whereby a toggle effect is gained between saidcrank plate and pawl, a link pivoted to said crank plate, at anotherpoint thereon offset from the pivot center of said pawl, a crankconnected to move said link, the leverage effect between said crank andlink changing in versely with respect to the leverage effect betweensaid crank plate and pawhand a shiftable center bearing for said crank.

9. In a multiplying gear of the class described,- a crank-"plate andpawl pivotally connectedto secure a vtoggle efiect of increasingleverage, a toggleconnected crank and link with said link toggleconnected to said crank plate, at a. point offset from the pivot centerof said pawl, the leverage ratio between said crank and link decreasingsimul taneously with the increasing leverage ratio of said crank plateand pawl, means for applying a pressure to an object disposed to receivemovement from said'pawl, and mechanism for actuating sald crankwherebysub stantially uniform movement and power applied to said means bysubstantially un1. 'formmovement and application of power to saidmechanism. 1

' 10..In a multiplying scribed, two members toggled to one another. athird member toggled to one thereof and means for actuating said thirdmember to gear the class dey actuate said toggled members with theleverage ratio of said means to said third member decreasing with theincreasing leverage ratio of said toggle members.

11. In a toggle gear mechanism, the combination with members toggled toone another, of an actuating lever and link connected thereto with saidlinks also forming a toggle with one of said members to operate the samewhereby as the leverage efiect of the toggle members increases theleverage effect of said lever and link decreases, and vice versa, and alocking device to lock the gear in an adjusted position to hold thevarious elements under a power stress.

12. In a toggle gear of the class described,

the combination with a ratchet wheel, a ram associated therewithconnected to be operated when said wheel is rotated, a pivotally mountedmember, a pawl toggled thereto for coaction with said ratchet wheel, alever mechanism of decreasing leverage for .operating said toggleconnected member and pawl to impart rotation to said ratchet wheel, andmeans for co-action with said ratchet wheel to lock the same against thereverse rotation to retain a power stress imparted to said wheel by saidpawl on said ram.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

